Narcotic drug use has a long and storied history, with the recorded recreational use of drugs like opium stretching back over 6,000 years. There were various attempts to ban the use of certain drugs on national levels and within the British Empire for some time, but it was only in the 20th century that a concerted effort began to enforce truly international drug prohibition.
The International Opium Convention
This was really a practical response to globalisation; with the world becoming more open and interconnected, unilateral approaches to drug control were fast becoming outdated and ineffectual. The first international drug control treaty was the 1909 International Opium Convention, when the USA convened a 13-nation conference voicing concerns over the opium trade. Despite there only being 13 signatories, the Convention had wider effect when it was eventually incorporated into the Treaty of Versailles after the First World War.
The League of Nations
The formation of the League of Nations in the 1920s, driven by American President Woodrow Wilson, saw a wider attempt to enforce international drug prohibition; restrictions on marijuana were implemented by many member states, but the League was to be short-lived and relatively weak politically, and the advent of World War Two sounded its death knell. The extent to which the League's drug policies were driven by the USA is clear when it is considered that it attempted to enforce alcohol prohibition in Africa, over the exact same time period as America's failed experiment with the same law.
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